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List of periods and events in climate history
Knowledge of precise climatic events decreases as the record goes further back in time. Some notable climate events known to Paleoclimatology are listed here. The Timeline of glaciation covers ice ages specifically, which tend to have their own names for phases, often with different names used for different parts of the world. The names for earlier periods and events come from geology and paleontology. The Marine isotope stages (MIS) are often used to express dating within the Quaternary.
==Start to Quaternary period==
Scale: Millions of years before present, earlier dates approximate.
* Before 1,000 Mya Faint young Sun paradox
* 2,400 Mya Great Oxygenation Event probably leads to Huronian glaciation perhaps covering the whole globe
* 650 - 600 Mya Later Neoproterozoic Snowball Earth or Marinoan glaciation, precursor to the Cambrian Explosion
* 517 Mya End-Botomian mass extinction; like the next two, little understood
* 502 Mya Dresbachian extinction event
* Mya Cambrian–Ordovician extinction event
* 450 - 440 Mya Ordovician–Silurian extinction event, in two bursts, after cooling perhaps caused by tectonic plate movement
* 450 Mya Andean-Saharan glaciation
* 360-260 Mya Karoo Ice Age
* 305 Mya cooler climate causes Carboniferous Rainforest Collapse
* Mya Permian-Triassic extinction event
* 199.6 Mya Triassic–Jurassic extinction event, causes as yet unclear
* 66 Mya, perhaps 30,000 years of volcanic activity form the Deccan Traps in India
* Mya Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary and Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, extinction of dinosaurs
* 55.8 Mya Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum
* 53.7 Mya Eocene Thermal Maximum 2
* 49 Mya Azolla event may have ended a long warm period
* 5.3 - 2.6 Mya Pliocene climate climate became cooler and drier, and seasonal, similar to modern climates.
* 2.5 Mya to present Quaternary glaciation, with permanent ice on the polar regions, many named stages in different parts of the world
==Pleistocene==
All dates are approximate. "(B-S)" means this is one of the periods from the Blytt-Sernander sequence, originally based on studies of Danish peat bogs.
* 120,000 - 90,000 BP Abbassia Pluvial wet in North Africa
* 110,000 - 10,000 BP Last glacial period, not to be confused with the Last Glacial Maximum or Late Glacial Maximum below
*
* 50,000 - 30,000 BP Mousterian Pluvial wet in North Africa
*
* 26,500 - 19,000–20,000 BP Last Glacial Maximum, what is often meant in popular usage by "Last Ice Age"
*
* 16,000 - 13,000 BC Oldest Dryas cold, begins slowly and ends sharply (B-S)
*
* 12,700 BC Antarctic Cold Reversal warmer Antarctic, sea levels rise
*
* 12,400 BC Bølling oscillation warm and wet in the North Atlantic, begins the Bølling-Allerød period (B-S)
*
* 12,400 - 11,500 BC (much discussed) Older Dryas cold, interrupts warm period for some centuries (B-S)
*
* 12,000 - 11,000 BC Allerød oscillation warm & moist (B-S)
*
* 11,400 - 9,500 BC Huelmo/Mascardi Cold Reversal cold in Southern Hemisphere
*
* 11,000-8,000 BC Late Glacial Maximum, or Tardiglacial (definitions vary)
*
* 10,800 - 9,500 BC Younger Dryas sudden cold and dry period in Northern Hemisphere (B-S)
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